• AutoTRAX PCB Design Express (DEX)
    • Getting Started
      • What is a PCB?
      • What is PCB Design?
      •  The Institute for Printed Circuits
      • What is PCB design software?
      • What are electronic parts?
      • Active Parts
      • Passive Parts
      • How do I design PCB?
      • Schematics
      • What are schematic symbols?
      • Schematic Symbol Design
      • What is a schematic node?
      • What is it PCB net?
      • Schematic Buses
      • What is a schematic off-page connector?
      • What are schematic symbol terminals?
      • Electronic circuit simulation with SPICE
      • PCB Design for Manufacturability
      • PCB Design Guidelines
      • PCB Signal Integrity
      • PCB EMC
      • PCB Layer Stack
      • PCB Split Power Planes
      • PCB Thermal Management
      • PCB Layout
      • PCB Copper Pour
      • PCB Test Points
      • What are footprints?
      • What are footprint land pattern pads?
      • What is a PCB silkscreen?
      • What is a PCB courtyard?
      • What are PCB vias?
      • What are PCB blind vias?
      • What are PCB buried vias?
      • What are PCB plated through holes?
      • What are PCB jumpers?
      • What are footprint reference designators?
      • What are PCB V-cuts?
      • What are PCB Mounting Holes?
      • What all Gerber files?
      • How are printed circuit boards made?
      • What is a printed circuit board drill file?
      • Limitations
      • Installing DEX
        • System Requirements
        • Downloading DEX
        • Firewalls
        • Where are the DEX  files?
        • Authorizing Your Copy
        • Authorizing Your Copy Machine Without Internet Acccess
        • Getting Your Key Online
        • Your Account Settings
        • Removing Your License
        • Removing DEX
        • Manually Removing DEX
      • Quick Start
      • Running DEX for the First Time
      • Using This Manual
      • Project, Parts and Artwork
      • About AutoTRAX PCB Design Express (DEX)
      • Tutorials
        • Sample Projects
          • The Serial Back-Pack
          • The DEX UNO
          • The Amplifier
          • The Diagram
          • The CPU Diagram
          • The Car Harness
          • The Flowchart Design
          • The Front Panel
        • Tutorial Videos
          • General
          • Parts
          • Schematics
          • PCBs
          • 3D
          • Graphics
          • Viewing the AutoTRAX Sample Projects
        • Demonstration Video
        • A Simple Resistor Ladder
        • Web Tutorial
      • Updating Your Version
      • Closing DEX
    • Designs
      • Line Styles, Fill Styles, and Fonts
        • Line Styles
        • Fill Styles
          • No Fill
          • Solid Fill
          • Hatch Fill
          • Radial Fill
          • Linear Fill
        • Fonts
        • Default Graphics Settings
      • Drawing Aids
        • Undoing and Redoing Your Changes
        • Arranging and Editing Objects
          • Selecting Items
          • Selection Settings
          • Locking Objects
          • Deleting Objects
          • Moving Objects to the Clipboard
          • Clearing Sheets and the PCB
          • Copying Objects
          • Pasting Items from the Clipboard
          • Rotating Objects
          • Mirroring Objects
          • Scaling Objects
          • Aligning Objects
          • Grouping Objects
          • Distributing Objects
          • Reordering Objects
          • Creating Arrays of Objects
            • Creating Rectangular Arrays
            • Creating Circular Arrays
          • Arranging Terminals on a Symbol
        • Coordinates
          • Adding Coordinates
          • Editing Coordinates
          • Coordinate Editor
        • Guides
          • Vertical Guides
          • Horizontal Guides
          • Point Guides
            • Adding Point Guides
            • Editing Point Guides
          • Angled Guides
            • Adding Angled Guides
            • Editing Angled Guides
            • Point Guide Editor
            • Vertical Guide Editor
            • Horizontal Guide Editor
            • Angle Guide Editor
        • Snaps and the Grid
          • The Grids
          • The Origin
          • Origin Editor
          • Setting the Snaps per Grid
          • Rotation Snap
          • Snapping to Guides
          • Snapping to Objects
          • Snap Settings
          • Symbol and Wire Grid
        • Measuring Distances and Angles
        • Dimensions
          • Adding Aligned Dimensions
          • Adding Linear Dimensions
          • Editing Dimensions
          • Dimension Settings
      • Graphics
        • Arcs
          • Adding Arcs
          • Editing Arcs
          • Arc Editor
        • Blocks
        • Curves
          • Adding Curves
          • Editing Curves
          • Circle/Ellipse Editor
          • Curve Editors
        • Ellipses and Circles
          • Adding Ellipses and Circles
          • Editing Ellipses and Circles
        • Images
          • Adding Images
          • Editing Images
          • Image Editor
        • Lines
          • Adding Lines
          • Context Menu
          • Editing Lines
          • Line Editor
        • Markers
          • Marker Editor
        • Notes
          • Adding Notes
          • Editing Notes
          • Note Box Editor
        • Polylines
          • Adding Polylines
          • Editing Polylines
          • Polyline/Polygon Editor
        • Polygons
          • Adding Polygons
          • Editing Polygons
        • Rectangles
          • Adding Rectangles
          • Editing Rectangles
          • Rectangle Editor
        • Shapes
          • Creating Shapes
          • Editing Shapes
          • Shape Editor
        • Text
          • Adding Text
          • Editing Text
          • Text Editor
        • Colors
          • The Color Swatch
          • RGB
          • HSL
          • The Color Wheel
      • Artworks
        • Adding Artwork to the Library
        • Setting The Default Artwork
      • Parts
        • What is a part
        • Part
        • Tutorials
          • Overview of Parts
          • Parametric Parts
          • Creating a Capacitor
          • Creating a part for an ATMEGA16U2
          • Importing 3D Models To Use in a PCB Part
          • Automatic Generation of 3D model PCB Header
          • Renumbering Pads for PCB parts
          • Create a PCB Footprint by Tracing From a PDF
          • Creating a Part for a Button Battery
          • Creating a Custom SOT223 Transistor
          • Add a Thermal Pad to a Footprint
          • Creating a Power Mosfet Part
          • Creating round, rectangular and polygonal pads and offsetting pad holes
          • Creating a custom potentiometer part
          • Creating a part with 4 schematic symbols (Split part)
          • Customizing a parametric footprint
          • Capturing Pin Details from a PDF
          • How to modify a placed part using the library
        • Don't Trust Part Libraries
        • The Parts Catalog
        • Downloading Parts from SnapEDA
        • Setting The Default Part
        • Virtual Parts
          • Creating a Virtual Part
        • Parametric Parts
          • The  Manufacturers Model
            • The Parts Library
            • Searching for Part Prices and Datasheets
          • The Deliverable
          • The AutoTRAX Model
          • Datasheet
          • Schematic Symbol
          • Attributes
          • Package Placement Point
          • Package Silkscreen
          • Package Courtyard
          • Package Reference
          • Package Value
          • Package Color
          • Pads
          • Type Selection
            • The Part Builder
              • Using the Part Wizard
              • Customizing The Part
                • Customizing The Symbol
                • CustomizingThe Footprint
                  • Adding Pads to Parametric Footprints
                  • Adding Vias to Parametric Footprints
                  • Adding Graphics to Parametric Footprints
                  • Adding Copper Areas to Parametric Footprints
                  • Editing the Part Value
                  • Editing the Part Reference
                  • Adding 3D to Parametric Footprints
              • DIP Parts
              • SOIC Parts
              • QUAD Parts
              • BGA Parts
              • Header Parts
              • Axial Parts
              • Radial Parts
              • Chip Parts
              • SOD 323 Parts
              • TO-92 Transistors
              • SOT-23 Transistors
              • SOT-353 Transistors
              • SOT-89 Transistors
              • SOT-143 Transistors
              • SOT-223 Transistors
              • Metal Can Parts
              • Antenna Parts
              • Inductor Parts
              • Package Symbols
            • Arial
              • Device Overview
              • Antenna Parameters
            • Axial
              • Device Overview
              • Axial Parameters
            • BGA
              • Device Overview
              • BGA Parameters
            • Block
            • Block - Crystal
            • Castellated PCB
            • Chip
              • Device Overview
              • Chip Parameters
            • DIP
              • Device Overview
              • Dip Parameters
            • SIP
            • Disc
            • Generic
            • Header
              • Device Overview
              • Header Parameters
            • Inductor
              • Inductor Parameters
              • Device Overview
            • LED
            • Metal Can
              • Device Overview
              • Metal Can Parameters
            • MELF
            • QUAD
              • Device Overview
              • QUAD Parameters
            • Radial
              • Device Overview
              • Radial Parameters
            • SOIC
              • Device Overview
              • SOIC Parameters
            •  SOT-223
            • SOT 23
              • Device Overview
              • SOT-23 Parameters
            • SOD 323
              • Device Overview
              • SOD 323 Parameters
            • SOT 89
              • SOT-89 Parameters
              • Device Overview
            • SOT 143
              • Device Overview
              • SOT-143 Parameters
            • SOT 223
              • Device Overview
              • SOT-223 Parameters
            • SOT 353
              • Device Overview
              • SOT-353 Parameters
            • TO 3 / TO 66
            • TO 220
            • Edge Connector Parts
            • Wizard
            • Custom Parts
            • Castellated PCB Parts
            • TO 92
              • TO-92 Parameters
              • Device Overview
        • Creating Parts
          • Creating Parts on Schematics
          • Editing Parts on Schematics
          • Parts
          • Symbols
            • Terminals
              • Terminal-Graphics
              • Terminal Names
              • Terminal Pin Names
            • Reference
            • Border
            • Value
          • Footprints/Land Patterns
            • Courtyard
            • Placement Point
            • Silkscreen Pattern
            • Pads
          • Creating a NewPart
        • Symbols
          • Symbol  Terminal Magnet Editor
          • Symbol Borders (Terminal Magnets)
            • Editing Symbol Borders (Terminal Magnets)
          • Symbol References
          • Symbol Values
            • Symbol Value Editor
          • Symbol Terminals
            • Terminal Magnets
            • Symbol Terminal Editor
            • Adding Terminals
            • Terminal Graphics
            • Terminal Names
            • Terminal Pin Names/Numbers
            • Terminal Connection Points
            • EditingTerminals
            • Capturing Pin Details from a PDF
            • No Connection Required
          • Editing Symbols in Schematics
            • Reordering Terminals
            • Adding Graphics to Symbols
            • Symbol Editor
          • Multiple Symbols
          • Splitting Symbols
          • Symbol Graphics
          • Capturing Terminal Names From a Datasheet
        • Footprints
          • Courtyards
            • Editing Courtyards
          • Pads
            • Pad Shapes
            • Creating Pads
            • Setting Pad Numbers
            • Automatic 3D Pins
            • Gold Plating
          • Footprint Editor
            • Footprint Reference Editor
            • Footprint Value Editor
            • Courtyard Editor
            • Silkscreen Editor
            • Placement Point Editor
            • Pad Editor
            • Placement Points
          • Silkscreens
            • Silkscreen Rectangles
          • Footprint Part Values
          • Footprint Part Reference IDs
          • The Footprint Viewport
          • The Footprint Reference
            • Editing Footprint References
          • The Footprint Placement Point
            • Editing Footprint Placement Points
          • Adding 3D objects
          • Adding Graphics to Footprint
          • Customizing a Parametric Footprint
        • 3D Packages
        • Spice Models
          • Bipolar Transistors (BJT)
          • Capacitors
          • Diodes
          • Voltage and Current Sources
            • Voltage Sources
              • Independent  DC Voltage Sources
              • Independent Sinusoidal Voltage Sources
              • Independent Pulse Voltage Sources
              • Independent Single Frequency FM Voltage Sources
              • Independent Piece-Wise Linear Voltage Sources
              • Independent Exponential Voltage Sources
            • Current Sources
              • Independent DC Current Sources
              • Independent Pulse Current Sources
              • Independent Sinusoidal Current Sources
              • Independent Single Frequency FM Current Sources
              • Independent  Piece-Wise Linear Current Sources
            • Controlled Sources
              • Current Controlled Current Sources
              • Current Controlled Voltage Sources
              • Voltage Controlled Current Sources
              • Voltage Controlled Voltage Sources
          • Inductors
          • Junction Field Effect Transistors (JFET)
          • MESFETs
          • MOSFETs
          • Resistors
          • Switches
          • Transformers
          • Transmission Lines
            • Lossless Transmission Lines
            • Lossy Transmission Lines (LTRA)
            • Lossy Transmission Lines (URC)
        • Custom
        • Suppliers
        • The Find Parts Dialog
        • Saving Your Part
      • Projects
        • Project
        • Schematics
          • Schematics
          • Adding Parts
            • Using the Menu
            • Using the Library Panel
            • Adding Resistors
          • Hierarchical Design
            • Sub-Systems
              • Ports
                • Adding Ports
                • Editing Ports
                • Port Editor
              • Referencing a Sub-System
              • Adding a Sub-System
              • Editing a Sub-System
              • Sub-System Editor
            • Refactor
          • Wiring Parts Together
            • Adding Wires
            • Automatic Wiring
            • Automatic Jumpers
            • Wire and Bus Junctions
            • Editing Wires
            • Using Buses
              • Adding Buses
              • Editing Buses
            • Beveling Wire to Buss Connections
            • Inter-Wire Connectors
              • Adding Inter-Wire Connectors
              • Editing Inter-Wire Connectors
              • Inter-Wire Editor
            • Marking a Terminal as No Connection Required
            • Nodes and Nets
            • Nodes
              • Schematic Node Editor
              • Schematic Node ID Editor
            • Wires
            • Style Guide
            • Wire Settings
          • Renumbering Parts
          • Reference Designators
          • Standard Reference Designators
          • Saving Designs for Re-use
        • Port Name Editor
        • Bus Editor
        • The PCB
        • Creating Projects
        • Setting The Default Project
        • Schematic-PCB Cross Selection
        • Saving Projects
        • Opening Projects
        • The PCB
          • Viewing the PCB in 3D
          • Fiducial Editor
          • Copper Pour Editor
          • Keep-Out Editor
          • No-Mask Editor
          • PCB Border Editor
          • PCB Cutout Shape Editor
          • PCB Hole Editor
          • Pcb Polyline Cutout Editor
          • Track Editor
          • Split Power Plane Editor
          • V-Cut Editor
          • Via Editor
          • How PCBs Are Made
          • Design for manufacturability
          • PCB Standards
          • Panelised PCBs
            • Creating a PCB Panel
            • PCB Breakaway Panels
            • Tab Routed Arrays
            • Adding V-Grooves
            • Adding Fiducials
            • Adding Tooling Holes
            • Assembly Rails
            • The Panel Header
            • The Panel's Pick and Place File
          • Viewing the PCB
          • Semi-Transparent PCBs
          • PCB Internals
          • The PCB Border
            • Creating a Rectangular PCB
            • Creating a Circular/Elliptical PCB
            • Creating a Polygonal PCB
            • Adding Holes to a PCB
            • Adding Cutouts to a PCB
            • Adding a Rectangular PCB Cutout
            • Adding a Circular/Elliptical PCB Cutout
            • Adding a Polygonal PCB Cutout
            • Editing the PCB Border
          • PCB Layers
            • PCB-Layers
            • Editing the PCB Layers
            • Solder Mask Differences
            • Split Power Planes
            • Editing Split Power Regions
          • Pads
            • Adding Pads
            • Editing Pads
          • Vias
          • PCB Sheet Editor
          • Setting All Track Widths
          • Fiducials
            • Adding Fiducials
            • Adding  A Fiducial
              • Automatically Addding Global Fiducials
              • Adding Global Fiducials
            • Adding Fiducials to a Footprint
            • Fiducial Properties Editor
            • Fiducial Settings Editor
            • Fiducials in the Pick and Place File
            • Renumbering All Fiducials
          • Nets
            • Adding Nets
            • Editing Nets
            • Track Settings
          • Tracks
            • Changing a track segments layer index
            • Jumpers
          • Routing
            • Manual Routing
            • Manually Routing a Track
            • Electra
              • Running Electra
              • The Electra Autorouter
              • Initializing-Electra
              • Differential pair routing
              • Length Constrained Autorouting
              • The Electra View
              • Using Electra Interactively
              • Electra Router Settings
              • The Electra DO Commands
              • Importing Electra Route File
              • Route Report
            • Automatic Routing
            • Keep Out Regions
              • Adding Keep Out Regions
              • Editing Keep Out Regions
            • Router Settings
              • Manual Router Settings
              • Internal Router Settings
            • Snap To Pad
          • Auto-Layout
            • An Insight into PCB Auto-Layout
          • Copper Pour Regions
            • Adding Copper Pour Regions
            • Editing Copper Pour Regions
            • Copper Pour Settings
          • The Solder Mask
            • Adding Solder Mask Cutouts
            • Editing Solder Masks
            • Changing a Solder Mask Cutout's Shape
              • Rectangular Cutouts
              • Elliptical/Circular Cutout
              • Polygonal/Curved Cutouts
            • Setting The Solder Mask Margin
            • Solder Mask Viewing Options
            • Adding Solder Paste to a Solder Mask Cutout
            • Adding Solder Mask Cutout to Footprints
            • Pad Solder Mask Cutout
            • Solder Mask Cutouts by Combining Shapes
          • Adding Solder Paste
            • Solder Paste
            • Adding Solder paste to SMT pads
            • Adding Solder paste to no mask areas
            • Adding custom solder paste areas
            • Viewing the solder paste
          • Checking Your PCB Design
            • Unrouted Tracks
            • Minimum Track Width
            • Track Intersections
            • Track to Track Clearance
            • Track to Pad Clearance
            • Track to Via Clearance
            • Track to Hole Clearance
            • Track to Cutout Clearance
            • Track to Keepout Clearance
            • Track to Border Clearance
            • Minimum Pad hole Diameters
            • Minimum Pad Annular Ring Size
            • Pad to Pad Clearance
            • Pad to Via Clearance
            • Pad to Hole Clearance
            • Pad to Cutout Clearance
            • Pad to Border Clearance
            • Minimum Via Hole Diameters
            • Minimum Via Annular Ring Size
            • Via to Via Clearance
            • Via to Hole Clearance
            • Via to Cutout Clearance
            • Via to Keep Out Clearance
            • Via to Border Clearance
            • Hole to Hole Clearance
            • Hole to Cutout Clearance
            • Hole to Border Clearance
            • Cutout to Cutout Clearance
            • Cutout to Border Clearance
            • Courtyard to Courtyard Clearance
            • Courtyard to Holes Clearance
            • Courtyard to Cutouts Clearance
            • Courtyard to Border Clearance
            • Silkscreen to Pad Clearance
          • 3D
            • Adding 3D objects
            • Adding Internal 3D Objects
            • Adding External 3D Objects
            • 3D Models
          • Creating Complex Shapes
          • Drilling
          • Viewing the PCB in 3D
            • The 3D Viewport Menu Commands
            • Floating the 3D Viewport
            • 3D View Control
            • The 3D Viewport
              • Importing a 3D Model
              • 3D Exporting
                • Exporting a STL File
                • Export a Wavefront OBJ File
                • Exporting a Collada 3D File
                • Exporting and Rendering with POVRAY
              • Multiple 3D Viewports
            • Moving, Rotating and Scaling 3D Objects
        • Automatic Backups
        • Restoring Backups
        • Sheets
          • Setting Sheet Sizes
          • Schematic Sheets
          • Text Sheets
          • Hierarchical Layout
          • Sub-Systems
            • Adding New Sub-Systems
            • Opening Sub-systems
            • Adding Terminals to a Sub-system Reference
            • Editing Sub-Systems
            • Sub-Systems Names
            • Using Sub-Systems
              • Adding Sub-Systems References
          • Graphical Sheets
            • Page Borders
            • The Grid Reference
            • The Title Block
            • Sheet Settings
            • Page Scale
            • Customizing Sheet Colors
            • Customizing Symbols
            • Customizing Schematic Wires
            • The Wire and Bus Settings Popup
            • Customizing Schematic Joins and Cross-overs
            • Customizing All Schematic Wires
        • The PCB
        • Units
          • The Origin
          • Manufacturing Your PCB
            • Plotting Your PCBs
            • True-type fonts
            • Previewing Your Gerber Files
            • Generating Gerber Files
            • Generating Drill Files
            • Creating a Pick and Place File
            • Your Bill of Materials
              • Items in a Bill of Materials
            • Putting It All Together in a Zip File
            • Manufacturing Settings
              • Design Rules
      • Text Document Sheets
        • Adding Text  Document Sheets
      • PDF Sheets
      • Printing and Plotting
        • Printing
        • Plottings
        • Print Menu
        • Watermarks
          • Text Watermarks
          • Picture Watermarks
      • Circuit Simulation
        • Simulation Samples
          • Bridge Rectifier
        • Adding Circuit Elements
          • Adding a Resistor
          • Adding a Capacitor
          • Adding an Inductor
          • Adding a Transformer
          • Adding a Diode
          • Adding Transmission Lines
            • The Lossless Transmission Line
            • The Lossy Transmission Line 1
            • The Lossy Transmission Line 2
          • Adding Transistors
            • Adding a BJT Transistor
            • Adding a JFET Transistor
            • Adding a MOSFET Transistor
            • Adding a MESFET Transistor
            • Adding a Switch
            • Adding a Custom Device
        • Adding Voltage and Current Sources
          • Adding Independent Sources
        • Adding Instruments
          • Adding a Power Supply
          • Adding a Signal Generator
          • Adding an Oscilloscope
          • Adding a Chart
        • Always Add a Ground
        • The Analysis Probe
        • The Spice Reference Manual
          • Introduction
            • Types of Analysis
            • Analysis at Different Temperatures
            • Convergence
          • Circuit Description
            • Circuit Elements and Models
              • Transistors and Diodes
                • Introduction
                • Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)
                • BJT Models (NPN/PNP)
                • Diode Model
                • JFET Models (NJF/PJF)
                • Junction Diodes
                • Junction Field-Effect Transistors (JFETs)
                • MESFET Models (NMF/PMF)
                • MESFETs
                • MOSFET Models (NMOS/PMOS)
                • MOSFETs
              • Transmission Lines
                • Lossless Transmission Lines
                • Lossy Transmission Line Model (LTRA)
                • Lossy Transmission Lines
                • Uniform Distributed RC Lines (Lossy)
                • Uniform Distributed RC Model (URC)
              • Voltage and Current Sources
                • Independent Sources
                  • Exponential
                  • Independent Sources
                  • Piece-Wise Linear
                  • Pulse
                  • Single Frequency FM
                  • Sinusoidal
                • Linear Dependent Sources
                  • Introduction
                  • Current-Controlled Current Sources
                  • Current-Controlled Voltage Sources
                  • Voltage-Controlled Current Sources
                  • Voltage-Controlled Voltage Sources
                • Non-Linear Dependant Sources
              • Capacitors
              • Coupled (Mutual) Inductors
              • Inductors
              • Resistors
              • Semiconductor Capacitor Model
              • Semiconductor Capacitors
              • Semiconductor Resistor Model
              • Semiconductor Resistors
              • Switch Model
              • Switches
            • Combining Files. .include lines
            • Device Models
            • GENERAL STRUCTURE AND CONVENTIONS
            • SubCircuits
            • Title Line, Comment Lines and .end line
          • Analysis and output Control
            • DC or Small-Signal AC Sensitivity Analysis
            • DC Transfer Function
            • Distortion Analysis
            • Fourier Analysis
            • Initial Conditions
            • Noise Analysis
            • Operating Point Analysis
            • PLOT Lines
            • Pole-Zero Analysis
            • PRINT Lines
            • SAVE Lines
            • Analysis Options
            • Simulator Variables
            • Small-Signal AC Analysis
            • Transfer Function Analysis
            • Transient Analysis
        • Independent Sources for Voltage or Current
          •  Exponential Sources
      • Importing Files
        • Importing Your AutoTRAX EDA Designs
        • Importing Your AutoTRAX EDA Library
        • Importing AutoCAD DXF Files
        • Importing Eagle Projects
        • Importing Eagle Libraries
        • Importing Gerber Files
        • Importing 3D
      • Exporting Data
        • CNC
          • Creating a CNC File
          • CNC Viewer
        • Creating a DXF File
        • Creating a PDF File
        • Creating a IDF File
        • Creating a SVG File
        • Creating a Spice Deck File
        • Creating a Net List File
        • Saving to an Image File
        • Exporting 3D to Collada
        • Creating a STL File
    • The User Interface
      • The Application Layout
        • The File Menu
        • Ribbon Menu
        • Quick Access Toolbar
        • Auto-Repeat command
        • Halloween with AutoTRAX
        • Themes
        • The Workspace Setttings
        • Workspaces
        • The File Settings
        • The Color Bar
        • The Status Bar
      • The Ribbon Menu
        • The Home Ribbon Page
        • The Help Ribbon Page
        • The Panels Ribbon Page
        • The Symbol Ribbon Page
        • The Schematic Ribbon Page
        • The Footprint Ribbon Page
        • The PCB Ribbon Page
        • The Route Ribbon Page
        • The View/Snap Ribbon Page
        • The Edit Ribbon Page
        • The Add Ribbon Page
        • The Parts Ribbon Page
        • The Layout Ribbon Page
        • The Simulate Schematic Page
        • The Tools Ribbon Page
        • The 3D Ribbon Page
        • The 4 Ribbon Layout Modes
        • Popup Settings
          • The Add Parts Popup
          • The CAM Settings Popup
          • The Copper Pour Settings Popup
          • The Cutouts Popup
          • The Design Rules Popup
          • The Dimension Settings Popup
          • The Fiducial Popup
          • The File Settings Popup
          • The Layout Settings Popup
          • The Page Settings Popup
          • The Router Settings Popup
          • The Selection Settings Popup
          • The Shapes Default Popup
          • The Snap Settings Popup
          • The Tracks Popup
          • The Track Via Settings Popup
          • The Undo Popup
          • The Wire and Bus Settings Popup
          • The Workspace Popup
        • Menu Shortcuts
      • The Panels
        • The Checklist Panel
        • The Part Builder Panel
        • The Project Panel
        • The Properties Panel
        • The Properties Popup Panel
        • The Spice Model Properties Popup Panel
        • The Library Panel
        • The Layers Panel
        • The Design Rules Checker Panel
        • The Navigator Panel
        • The Settings Panel
        • The Source View Panel
        • The Parts Bin Panel
        • The Netlist Panel
        • The Parts List Panel
        • The Route Panel
        • The System Info. Panel
      • Viewports
        • Cross Cursors
        • The Diagonal Cursor
        • Arranging Viewports
        • Rulers
        • The Origin Box
        • Tabbed Viewports
        • Tiled and Cascaded Viewports
        • Zooming In and Out
        • Smart Panning
        • The Viewport Context Menu
        • Switch Between Schematic and PCB Views
      • Dialog/Control Grids Views
        • Grouping
        • Auto Filter Row
        • Columns
        • Column Header
        • Column Header Context Menu
        • Column Header Panel
        • Customization Form
        • Data Row
        • Filter Button
        • Fixed Panel Divider
        • Footer Cell
        • Footer Context Menu
        • Group Expand Button
        • Group Footer
        • Group Panel
        • Group Panel Context Menu
        • Group Row
        • Group Row Check Box Selector
        • Group Row Context Menu
        • Multiple Row Selection
        • Header Panel Button
        • Zoom Button
        • Preview Section
        • Row Cell
        • Row Indicator Panel
        • Row Separator
        • Sort Glyph
        • View Footer
        • Summaries
        • Data Navigator
        • Find Panel
        • New Item Row/Card
        • Filter Panel
        • Filter Panel Close Button
        • View's MRU (Most Recently Used) Filter List
        • Edit Filter Button
        • Filter Editor
        • Column's Filter DropDown
        • View Caption
        • Filter and Search
        • Advanced Filter and Search Concepts
      • Themes
    • Getting Support
      • Reporting Problems
      • Contacting Us
      • Find Out About Your Version
      • What's New
      • Subscribing to the NewsLetter
      • The AutoTRAX Website
      • Getting the Latest Version
      • Downloading Older Versions
      • Sending Feedback
      • Adding to Your Wish List
      • Getting Daily Tips
      • The Users Forum
      • Using Graphic Symbols Fonts
    • What's New
      • Roadmap
      • 2023
      • 2022
      • 2021
      • 2020
      • 2019
      • 2018
    • Appendix
      • The Software License
        • Refund Policy
      • File Associations
      • The IPC
      • Through-Hole Mounting (THM)
      • Surface Mount Technology (SMT)
      • Through-Hole vs. Surface Mount
      • Device Package Types
      • Packages
      • Solder
      • Disaster Recovery
        • Restoring Previous Designs
        • Update the Graphics Card Driver
        • Reinstall .NET
        • Restore Points
        • Preventing Disasters
      • Scripting
        • The Scripting Panel
        • The DEX API
          • The Window Variable
          • The Design Variable
            • Design Structure
              • Design
                • Schematic Sheets
                  • Symbols
                    • The Symbol Reference
                    • The Symbol Value
                  • Nodes
                • The Pcb
                  • Footprints
                    • The Footprint Reference
                    • The Footprint Value
                  • Nets
                • Graphical Objects
                  • Lines
                  • Rectangles
                  • Ellipses and Circles
                  • Text
                  • Images
              • Geometry
          • The ui Variable
          • Built-in variables
            • pcb
        • Python
          • An Informal Introduction to Python
          • Comments
          • Control Statement
            • The If Statement
            • Loops and Iterations
            • The For Statement
            • The While Statement
          • Functions
        • CookBook
          • Save Parts List
        • .NET Integration
        • The Python Tutorial
      • Acknowledgments