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PCB test points are electrical connections on a printed circuit board that are specifically designed to allow for testing and troubleshooting during the manufacturing process, and also for diagnosing and fixing problems during the operation of the final product. The test points are usually placed in strategic locations to facilitate easy access for testing probes, oscilloscopes, and other diagnostic equipment.

Some common types of PCB test points include:

1.Through-hole test points: These are commonly used on double-sided or multi-layered PCBs where it may not be possible to probe the signal from the top or bottom layer. These test points are typically inserted into a drilled hole in the PCB, and the signal is accessible from the other side.

2.Surface mount test points: These are small metal pads placed on the surface of the PCB that allow for easy access to the signal. They are typically placed near components or connectors and are soldered to the PCB surface.

3.Edge connectors: These are used to connect test equipment to the PCB at the edge of the board. The edge connector is typically a series of pins that provide access to the signals on the PCB.

4.Test points with test pads: These are metal pads that are specifically designed to allow for easy attachment of test probes or clips. They are typically larger than the standard surface mount pads and provide a more secure connection.

When designing a PCB, it is essential to include adequate test points to allow for efficient testing and debugging during the manufacturing process. The test points should be placed in locations that are easy to access and clearly marked on the PCB silkscreen to facilitate testing and debugging.